Sight.



No. 848,947. PATENTE'D APR. 2, 1907.

C. @L M. A. s. WHITE.

SIGHT.

APPLIGATION FILED APILS, 1905.,

THE NoRRls Perales ce., wAsHlNaroN, u. c.

UNITED sTATEs QFFICE.

oHARLEsv WHITE AND MARGARET ANN sANDERsoN WHITE, or MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

Specification of Letters Patent. i

Patented April 2, 1907.

Application filed April 8,1905. Serial No- 254,508.

To all whom, t Wwf/y concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES WHITE and MARGARET ANN SANDERsoN WHITE, (wife of CHARLES WHITE,) both of the city of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sights; and we do hereby declare that the followingv isy a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Our invention relates particularly to adjustable sights, although the main feature thereof can be applied with advantage to fixed sights.

lt has for its object to provide a sight for use in connection with rifles, field guns, and the like and one which is adapted to enable a multiplicity of objects at different known ranges to be sighted consecutively without individual adjustment.

Further objects of the invention are to enable a moving object to be sighted and a given extent of movement thereof allowed for without AInore than initial adjustment and provide a more accurate sight and one of greater scope than those heretofore known.

The invention may be said briefly to consist of a member having a plurality of sighting-apertures disposed in different vertical planes, and preferably in staggered relation, a plurality of fore sights adapted to coact with the sighting-apertures, a hinge-leaf carrying the apertured member, and means whereby the leaf is elevated a distance equal to the horizontal movement thereof, and a particular disposition of verniers, and a particular construction and arrangement of parts, hereinafter described specifically.

For full comprehension, however, of our invention reference must be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which similar reference characters indicate the same parts, and wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a rilie provided with our improved rear and fore sights. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the rear sight. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view thereof. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken on line A A, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the hinged leaf removed and stripped of the parts carried thereby. Fig. 6 is a similar view of a bearing-bracket carried thereby. Fi 7 is a similar view of a longitudinally-slidab e open frame carried by l the hinge-leaf.

transversely-slidable apertured sighting-plate carried by the said open frame. Fig. 9 isa side elevation of a screw edecting an adjustable connection between the sight-leaf and the longitudinal slidable frame. Figs. 10 and 1l are perspective views of, respectively, a graduatednut ifor rotatingthe screw and a jam-nut for locking such graduated nut against displacement upon the screw; and Figs. 12, 13, 14, and 15 are similar views of, respectively, a counterbored bearing-plate carried by the slidable frame, a n'ut for operthe medium of a threaded laterally-projecting shank carried by the latter, one of a pair of jam-nuts for preventing the axial displacement of the operating-nut relatively to the bearing-plate# and a graduated knurled shell inclosingthese parts and operatively connected to the operating-nut. Fig. 16 is a detail enlarged sectionaluview of the means forv adjustably connecting-the slide to the sight-leaf, and Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of our improved fore sight.

The principal feature ofl this invention is a plurality of rear sights inV conjunction with a plurality of fore sights, the rear sights being preferably correlatively lixedand collectively adjustable. The preferred embodiment of this feature consists of a plate b, having two series of sighting peep-holes c and d, located on opposite sides of a slot e, the peep-holes being disposed progressively-increasing distances apart upwardly and those of each series being arranged in staggered relation with those of the other series. The fore sights preferably used in connection with this plurality of rear sights consists of a block m, mounted rigidly upon the top of the muzzle of the arm and having a sighting V-notch m in the'middle of its top and a pair of sightingribs n of the barleycorn type, one at each side of the V and spaced the same distance apart as the planes in which the peep-holes c and d lie.

The widest scope is secured to the combination of sights above described by making the plate l) adjustable longitudinally and lat.- erally and to dierent angular positions, and to this end the upper extremity of they plate has a transverse frontal flanged extension f, having a pair of V-notches g and h, respectively, in the saine planes as the series yof Fig. S is a similar view of a ating the apertured sighting-plate through peep-holes, and the lower end of its face has suitable index-markings-such as the longitudinally-lined zeros 7c and Z, respectively* in the plane of the peep-holes, 'while one side thereof carries a laterally-projecting screwthreaded shank a short distance above its center, and the ends of suoli plate are beveled, as at o, to present a dovetail formation, which fits slidably between a pair of dovetail transverse ribs p and g at the ends of a slide longitudinally slidably mounted upon a sight-leaf pivoted 4at one end to a base secured rigidly upon the topof the barrel r of the arm near the breech.

The slide consists of a pair of side pieces s and t, respectively, connected rigidly together by a pair of end pieces u, upon which the ribs p and g are formed. The side piece s is longitudinally bored and tapped at one end, as at 2, and the corresponding end of the other side piece is beveled, as at 11, at an angle yof preferably forty-live degrees, while the adjacent or inner sides of each are longitudinally grooved, as at 3, and the front face of both notched, as at 4 and 5, respectively, the notch 4 being preferably about midway of the lengthof the slide and the notch 5 a short distance from the pivoted end of the leaf, and the bottom "of each notch has an index-marking 6, preferably a longitudinally-lined zero, arranged transversely to the slide. A bearing-plate 7 is secured by dowel-pins 8 and screws 9 to o'ne'side of the frame-piece t, and it is bored, as 'at 10, to accommodate a headed adjusting-nut 15 and counterbored, as at 13, to enable the head 12 thereof to be countersunk. Theadjustii'ig-nut is axially bored, as at 14, to allow the threaded shank to be screwed thereinto, and it is exteriorly threaded to receive a pair of jam-nuts 16, which coact with the head 12 of the nut to retain the latter against axial displacement relatively to 7the bearing-plate, while allowing it freedom to rotate. A cylindrical shell 1 7, having the 'interior of one end diminished and tapped, is "screwed upon the outer end of the adjusting-nut, and the portion thereof of larger interiordiameter extends over and incloses the jam-nuts. The diminished interior of the 'sleeve and the portion of the nut upon which it fits are conj ointly bored and preferably tapped to receive a threaded locking dowel-pin 20, by which vthe shell is secured against rotary displacement relatively to 'the adjusting-nut, and is consequently operatively connected thereto. The exterior of this shell is knurled at one end, as at 21.

The hinged leaf consists of a flat oblong frame comprising side pieces 25 and 26 and end pieces 27 and 28, the latter being formed with a knuckle 29, (liattened, as at 30,) and a pair of V-notches 31 and 32 in alinement with the fore-si ht barleycorns n and a small V- notc'h 33 imdway between such notches 31 and 32, and therefore in the center line of the arm. This frame is slid into the internal grooves 3 of the slide, and portions of the side pieces 25 and 26 are exposed through the notches 4 and 5.

A bearing-bracket consisting of a bar 35, constructed to partially inclose the upper end of the leaf, is secured thereto by screws 36, and the end of such bracket in line with the side piece 3 of the slide extends over the latter and is formed with a perforation 37, counterbored at its opposite ends and located in line with the tapped boring in such side piece s. An adj usting-screw 3S is rotatably carried by this bracket and is threaded into the tapped boring just mentioned. This screw has its outer end diminished and screw-threaded, as at 380, and a rigid collar 39 is formed thereon near its diminished end and is adapted to be countersunk in the counterbored adjacent end of the perforation 37 of the bearing-bracket. An exteriorlyknurled tubular nut 40, having one end exteriorly diminished, as at 41, and interiorly diminished and tapped, as `at 42, is screwed upon the larger portion of the upper end of the screw, and a circular jamnut 43 is screwed upon the diminished end of such screw and fits snugly into the tubular end of the nut 40 and serves to lock the latter against displacement upon the screw. This screw although allowed freedom to rotate, is held against axial displacement relatively to the bracket by the rigid collar 39 and the diminished end 41 of the nut 40, which is countersunk into the adjacent counterboring of the bracket. This last described combination of parts provides means whereby the slide and the laterally-adjustable apertured sighting-plate carried thereby can be adjusted longitudinally to secure any required degree of elevation.

The base consists of a block 44, formed with a pair of knuckles 45 at one end, between which the knuckle on the leaf is pivoted, and its longitudinal middle portion is cut away, as at 45a, to accommodate a flat spring 46, which bears upwardly upon the knuckle of the leaf and maintains the latter yieldingly either in its raised or lowered position, as is usual in hinged leaf-sights. The end of the base opposite to that at which the leaf is pivoted has a lateral projection 47, with which the beveled end 11 of the slide coincides, such projection 47 being beveled, like 11, at an angle of forty-five degrees. This base is secured to the barrel of the arm near the breech, as usual, by screws, one of which is indicated at 48, F ig. 1.

A particular arrangement of scales and graduations has been devised to enable the adjustment to allow for windage or to secure different degrees of elevation to be regulated minutely, and such scales are disposed as follows: A scale 50, marked upon the portion of the side piece 26 of the leaf which is exposed through the notch 5 in the side piece IOO ISO

t of the slide, is graduated to indicate units, (preferably the elevation to allow for the droppage in one hundred yards between each graduation,) with which the index-marking in the bottom of such notch registers; a second scale 51, marked upon the portieri of the side piece 25 exposed through the notch 4 in the side piece s of the slide, is graduated in units also, each indicating, preferably, the elevation to allow for the droppage in one hundred yards, and a third scale 52, graduated to indicate units of preferably ten minutes of wind each, the unit-markings in alinement with the duplex fore sight being indicated by zeros, as at 53. In order to enable a finer adjustment to be had for either elevation or drift, the perimeter of the tubular nut 40 is provided with axial graduating-lines 5/1,preferably seventy-two (72) degrees apart, and the adjacent end of the leaf has an indexmarking in axial alinement with the screw 38, preferably a pair of lined zeros 55 on the two adjacent faces of the bar 35, with their lines in the said alinement, while the perimeter of the shell 17 is similarly graduated, as at 56. The thread of screw 38 is of a pitch to upon each rotation of the nut 40 move the slide t an extent constituting five minutes of elevation, while the thread of shank is of corresponding pitch and upon each rotation of the shell moves the plate b an extent constituting also live minutes of windage, and a fifth of one complete revolution of the shell 17 moves the plate b a distance suflicient to overcome one minute of windage or one-tenth. of the unit of graduations 52, which equal ten 'minutes each. Consequently as the Vdifference in minutes of elevation between any of the ranges marked on the scales 50 and 51 is well known to marksmen the adjustment for the precise fractional elevation or windage more or less than that indicated by any graduation of either of the scales 50 and 51 and the scale 52 can be readily effected. The scale 5l is used in conjunction with the inclined plane 47 when the leaf is down, and the scale 50 is utilized when the leaf is up.

For convenience the peep-holes in the plate l) are numbered from bottom to top in staggered order from 5 to 18, inclusive, to

indicate the particular range each sightingaperture provides elevation for, while the graduations on the shell 16 and nut-10 are numbered from 1 to 5, inclusive, in opposite directions, each of such series terminating on the same graduation, which therefore bears two numbers 5.-

The sight disclosed herein is adapted for use in connection with rifle or a field-gun. In fact, it can be used with advantage in almost any case where sighting at different ranges or while winds of any velocity or in any direction prevail.

The invention is particularly advantageous when a 'moving object or a series of stationary objects at different known ranges are being fired upon. In the latter case, supposing the ranges of the objects are known to be five hundred yards, eight hundred yards, one thousand yards, eleven hundred yards, and eighteen hundred yards, the marksman rotates the adjusting device 17 until the series d of peep-holes are in alinement with the zero to the right in the scale 52. Both of these series of peep-holes are then in direct alinement with the barleycorns of the fore sight. The nut 40 is then rotated until the index 6 upon the slide registers with the bottom line of the scale 50 upon the leaf. The sights of both series c and d are then all in accurate position for firing, the slight lateral deflection in the placing of the shot, due to the positions of the sights slightly off the center, making no appreciable difference. This slight defect can be readily corrected by adjusting the device 17 around one-half graduation in either direction, which will place either series of peep-holes in alinement with the axis of the arm.

The slide is cut away, as at t, Fig. 7, to accommodate the threaded shank j.

lf a marksman is shooting at, say, 'five hundred yards (and therefore is using the peep-hole marked indicating a range of five hundred yards) and if he wishes to change to an object at six hundred yards and traveling in the saine direction, it is preferable to use adjusting-nut 40 and rotate the same one and four-fifths times, ythereby elevating the. said hole indicating a range of five hundred yards to the level at which peep-hole representing a range of six hundred yards stood, thus providing the necessary elevation for six hundred yards. This manner of adjustment is preferable to utilizing the adjusting device 17 and moving the last-mentioned peep-hole to the vertical plane in which the first-mentioned peep-hole was formerly located, for the reason that in the last-mentioned case an adjustment of forty degrees is necessary, while in the former nine degrees will suffice.

Vhat we claim is as follows:

l. The combination with a fore sight mounted upon the barrel of the arm in close proximity to the muzzle and comprising a plurality of sighting devices arranged in different vertical planes, and a laterally-adjustable rear sight of plate form having a plurality of completely inclosed peep -holes arranged in different vertical planes to represent different degrees of drift.

2. A sight comprising two series of sighting devices arranged in different vertical planes, and the devices of one series being separated from and disposed in staggered relation to the devices of the other series.

3. ln a sight the combination of a base, a member carried by the base, means for raisf ing and lowering the member relatively to IOO the base, such member having two series of peep holes arranged in dierent vertical planes, the peep-holes of one series being separated from and arranged in staggered relation to the peep-holes of the other series.

4. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, a plate carried by the leaf and having a plurality of completely-inclosed peep-holes therein such peep-holes being separated from one another, means for adjusting the plate upon the leaf longitudinally, and means fglr adjusting such plate upon the leaf latera y.

5. In a sight the combination of a base, a

leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, an oblong plate carried by the leaf and longitudinally thereto and having a plurality of completely-inclosed peep-holes therein separated from one another and arranged in two parallel rows longitudinally to the plate, means for adjusting the plate longitudinally, and means for adjusting such plate laterally.

6. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, an oblong plate carried by the leaf longitudinally thereto and having a plurality of completely-inclosed eep-holes therein arranged in two parallelprows longitudinally to the plate such peep-holes being separated from one another, the peep-holes of each series being disposed progressively-increasing distances apart from the hinged end of the leaf, means for adjusting the plate longitudinally, and means for adjusting such plate laterally.

7. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, a slide mounted upon the leaf, a plate carried by the slide and having a plurality of completely-inclosed peep-holes therein such peep-holes being separated from one another, means for adjusting the slide upon the leaf longitudinally, and means for adjusting such plate upon the slide laterally.

8. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, a slide mounted upon the leaf, an oblong plate carried by the slide longitudinally thereto and having a plurality of completelyinclosed peep-holes therein arranged in two parallel rows longitudinally to the plate such peep-holes being separated :from one another, means for adjusting the plate longitudinally and means for adjusting such plate laterally.

9. In a sight the combination with a support, a movable member carried by the sup-v port and having a plurality of sighting devices arranged in two rows the devices of each row being disposed a distance apart less than the distance separating the rows, means for adjusting the member longitudinally to the rows, and means for adjusting such member transversely to the rows.

10. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldinglyA in different angular positions relatively to the base, a slide mounted upon the leaf, an obj long plate carried by the slide longitudinally thereto and having a plurality of completelyinclosed peep-holes therein arranged in two parallel rows longitudinally to the plate, the peep-holes of each series being disposed progressively-increasing distances apart from the hinged end of the leaf, and the peep-holes of one series being in staggered relation to the peep-holes of the other series, means for adi justing the slide longitudinally, a scale indicating the extent of longitudinal movement of the slide, the last-mentioned means consisting of a bearing upon the leaf, a screw carried rotatably in such bearing and retained. therein against longitudinal displacement and having one end screwed into a tapped borin in the slide, such screw being graduated an the graduations thereof being aliquot parts of the scale, and means for adjusting such plate laterally.

11. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf carried by and hinged at one end to the base, means retaining the leaf yieldingly in different angular positions relatively to the base, a slide mounted upon the leaf, an oblong plate carried by the slide longitudinally thereto and having a plurality of completelyinclosed peep-holes therein arranged in two parallel rows longitudinally to the plate, the peep-holes of each series being disposed progressively-increasing distances apart from the hinged end of the leaf, and the peep-holes of one series being in staggered relation to the peep-holes of the other series, means for adjusting the slide longitudinally, a scale indicating the extent of longitudinal movement of the slide, the last-mentioned means consisting of a bearing upon the leaf, a screw carried rotatably in such bearing and retained therein against longitudinal displacement and having one end screwed into a tapped boring in the slide, such screw being graduated and the graduations thereof being aliquot parts of the scale, and means for adjusting such plate laterally, consisting of a threaded shank carried by and projecting laterally from the plate, a bearing upon the slide, and a tapped device carried rotatably by the slide and having the threaded shank screwed thereinto.

l2. In a sight the combination with a sup- 'IOO IIO

IZO

port, a movable member carried by the support and having a plurality of sighting devices arranged in two rows the devices of each row being disposed a distance apart less than the distance separating the rows, means for adjusting such member transversely to the rows, a pair of scales indicating the extent of the longitudinal and transverse movements respectively of the member, the firstmentioned adjustin means being graduated in aliquot parts of t e divisions of the longitudinal scale, and the second-mentioned adjusting means being graduated in aliquot parts ofthe divisions of the transverse scale.

13. In a sight the combination with a support, a movable sighting member carried by the support and having a plurality of sighting devices arranged in two rows, the devices of each row being disposed a distance apart l less than the distance separating the rows, rotary means for vertically adjusting the movable sighting member and rotary means for horizontally adjusting the sighting member, of a pair of scales indicating the extent of the vertical and horizontal movements respectively of the sighting member, the firstmentioned rotary adjusting means being graduated in aliquot parts of the divisions of the Erst-mentioned scale and the secondmentioned rotary adjusting means being graduated in aliquot parts of the divisions of the second-mentioned scale.

14. In a sight the combination of a base, a leaf, a sight member carried by a slide mounted upon the leaf, means for adjusting the slide longitudinally, a scale indicating the extent of longitudinal movement of the slide, and the last-mentioned means being graduated in aliquot parts of the scale, and means for adjusting the sight member laterally, consisting of a threaded shank carried by and projecting laterally from the plate, a bearing upon the slide, and a tapped device carried rotatably by the'slide and having the threaded shank screwed thereinto.

15. In a sight the combination with a base, a sight member mounted upon the base, and graduated means whereby such member is simultaneously moved along the base and raised therefrom the extent of its movement in both directions being equal.

16. In a sight the combination with a base, a leaf hinged at one end to the base, a sight member mounted slidably upon the leaf, means consisting of a pair of incline planes of o each one upon the leaf and the other upon the base, and a graduated rotary device whereby such member is simultaneously moved along the base and raised therefrom, the extent of its movement in both directions being e ual, and a scale indicating the extent of t e elevation the graduations of such scale being spaced apart progressively-increasing distances from the end nearest the hinged end of the leaf toward the other end and the graduations of the rotary device being aliquot parts of the scale.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES WHITE. MARGARET ANN SANDERSON WHITE.

Witnesses: I

WILLIAM P. MGFEAT, FRED J. SEARS. 

